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IFR LOFT Scenario

LOFT 11: Republic to Westchester

Route: KFRG → KHPN

Short-hop IFR through NYC Class B with complex arrival procedures.

View FAA WINGS activity on FAASafety.gov →

Scenario Overview

Short IFR hop from Republic to Westchester County through the heart of the New York Class B airspace. Despite the short distance, this flight requires complex ATC coordination, tight altitude management, and precise approach procedures in busy airspace.

FAA WINGS Credit
Basic 96225 crAdvanced 96223 crMaster 96226 cr

Complete this LOFT with one of our CFIIs to earn WINGS credit toward your pilot proficiency. Learn more at FAASafety.gov

ILSRNAVClass BComplex ArrivalsUnfamiliar Aircraft

Route & Flight Plan

KFRG DPK V16 HAAYS KHPN
Altitude4,000
Distance38 nm
ETE0:18

ATC Audio Practice

Real ATC recordings from LiveATC. Practice extracting weather from ATIS and copying IFR clearances at real-world cadence. Learn IFR clearance techniques

These are actual recordings from airport frequencies. The weather, routing, and clearances will differ from the planned scenario — the training value is in listening proficiency and ATC communication cadence.

ATIS

KFRG ATISKFRG1:30
0:00/1:30

Republic Airport ATIS — IFR conditions for a short-hop departure into NYC Class B airspace

IFR Clearances

KFRG → KHPN IFR ClearanceKFRG0:30
0:00/0:30

All radar vectors clearance to Westchester — maintain 2,000, expect 4,000. No route to copy, just headings from ATC. Practice the radar vectors format

ForeFlight Briefings

Complete ForeFlight navlog exports with route, METARs/TAFs, winds aloft, vertical cross-section, and sig weather charts. Use these to practice pre-flight weather evaluation.

KFRG → KACY ForeFlight Briefing101 nm4,000 ft

Route: JFK DIXIE V1 HOWIE

Download ForeFlight Briefing (PDF)

Airport Information

Departure
KFRG
Republic Airport
Farmingdale, NY
Elevation: 82 ft MSL
Runways
RWYLengthSurface
14/326,833 ftasphalt
1/195,517 ftasphalt
Frequencies
ATIS126.65
GND121.6
TWR118.8
APP128.125
Approaches
ILS RWY 14, RNAV GPS RWY 1, RNAV GPS RWY 14, RNAV GPS RWY 19, RNAV GPS RWY 32
Destination
KHPN
Westchester County Airport
White Plains, NY
Elevation: 439 ft MSL
Runways
RWYLengthSurface
16/346,549 ftasphalt
11/294,451 ftasphalt
Frequencies
ATIS133.8
CLR126.4
GND121.825
TWR118.575
APP120.8
Approaches
ILS RWY 16, ILS RWY 34, RNAV GPS RWY 16, RNAV GPS RWY 34

Weather Scenario

A typical summertime haze event in the New York metro area. An area of high pressure is trapping moisture and pollutants in the lower atmosphere, creating widespread MVFR to IFR conditions. Ceilings are variable and visibility is reduced in haze. This is not dangerous weather, but it demands IFR procedures in one of the busiest airspace environments in the country.

Departure 14:00L (1800Z)KFRGMVFR
KFRG 141800Z 22010KT 4SM HZ SCT035 BKN060 OVC100 20/14 A2998 RMK AO2
Haze reducing visibility to 4 miles, broken ceiling at 3,500 and 6,000, IFR conditions aloft
Arrival 14:30L (1830Z)KHPNIFR
KHPN 141830Z 20012KT 3SM BR HZ BKN025 OVC050 18/14 A2996 RMK AO2
Haze and mist, ceiling 2,500 broken, visibility 3 miles, IFR

Terminal Aerodrome Forecasts

DepartureKFRG
TAF KFRG 141130Z 1412/1512 22008KT 5SM HZ SCT035 BKN060 FM141500 22010KT 5SM HZ SCT030 BKN050 FM141800 22012KT 4SM HZ SCT025 BKN045 OVC080 TEMPO 1418/1422 3SM HZ BKN020 FM150000 24008KT 5SM HZ SCT035 BKN060 FM150600 VRB05KT P6SM FEW050
En RouteKLGA
TAF KLGA 141130Z 1412/1512 22010KT 5SM HZ BKN040 OVC080 FM141500 22012KT 4SM HZ BKN030 OVC060 FM141800 24014KT 4SM HZ BKN025 OVC050 TEMPO 1418/1422 3SM HZ BKN020 OVC040 FM150000 24010KT 5SM HZ SCT035 BKN070 FM150600 VRB06KT P6SM FEW050
ArrivalKHPN
TAF KHPN 141130Z 1412/1512 20008KT 4SM BR HZ BKN030 OVC060 FM141500 20010KT 4SM HZ BKN028 OVC050 FM141800 20012G18KT 3SM BR HZ BKN022 OVC045 TEMPO 1418/1500 2SM BR HZ OVC018 FM150000 22010KT 4SM HZ SCT030 BKN060 FM150600 VRB05KT P6SM FEW040

Lesson Profile

Scenario timeline with phases, altitudes, and key events
PhaseTimeAltitudeEvents
Briefing & Setup0:00-0:15GroundBrief Class B procedures, expected routing, KHPN approaches. Review the ILS RWY 16 approach plate. Anticipate rapid-fire ATC instructions.
Clearance & Departure0:15-0:3082-4,000Copy complex clearance with multiple altitude restrictions. Depart KFRG RWY 32. Contact NY Approach immediately. Expect vectors through Class B.
Class B Transit0:30-0:504,000Fly assigned headings through Class B. Multiple frequency changes. Speed restrictions possible. Traffic calls from LGA departures and JFK arrivals.
Approach Setup0:50-1:104,000-3,000Receive approach clearance for ILS RWY 16 at KHPN. Configure for approach with minimal time. Descend to intercept altitude. Brief approach on the fly.
Approach & Landing1:10-1:303,000-439ILS RWY 16 at KHPN. Break out at 2,500. Wind correction for approach course. Higher terrain environment than Republic.
Debrief1:30-2:00GroundReview ATC communication, clearance management, approach briefing under time pressure. Discuss strategies for high-workload short flights.

Post-LOFT Approach Practice

After the LOFT scenario concludes, practice 2 additional approaches for a total of 3 per session. Session is planned for up to 6 approaches — ask your CFII for additional practice.

Approach 2
KHPN
ILS RWY 34
Opposite end ILS at Westchester; practice approach from different direction in haze
Approach 3
KHPN
RNAV (GPS) RWY 16
GPS overlay of the ILS course, practice LPV with advisory glidepath

Training Objectives

Proficiency

  • Navigate Class B airspace with IFR clearance
  • Manage rapid altitude changes in short-distance IFR
  • Execute ILS RWY 16 at Westchester

Progress

  • Handle complex ATC instructions in congested airspace
  • Maintain awareness of converging traffic from JFK, LGA, and EWR
  • Brief and fly an approach with limited preparation time

Single-Pilot CRM

  • Read back complex clearances accurately
  • Manage high workload in compressed timeline
  • Prioritize aviate-navigate-communicate when task-saturated

Prepare for Your Session

Why is a 38 nm flight through NYC Class B considered challenging?
The short distance compresses all phases of flight into minutes. You must copy a complex clearance, climb, navigate through converging traffic from three major airports, descend, and set up an approach with almost no cruise segment. There is no time to "settle in."
What altitude restrictions should you expect transiting NYC Class B between KFRG and KHPN?
Expect step climbs and descents to stay below or between arrival and departure corridors for JFK, LGA, and EWR. Common restrictions include "maintain 3,000 until past the LGA arrival corridor" or "climb and maintain 4,000, expect 3,000 in 5 miles."
What is unique about the ILS RWY 16 at Westchester?
KHPN sits at 439 feet elevation with hilly terrain nearby. The approach has a standard 3-degree glideslope but the higher field elevation means your DA in feet MSL is higher than at sea-level airports. The terrain-influenced wind patterns can also create gusty conditions on short final.
Instructor Notes
This scenario teaches workload management in compressed timeframes. Issue the clearance with at least one amendment to test flexibility. During the transit, change frequencies frequently and issue speed restrictions. The student should feel busy. Watch for task saturation indicators (falling behind on configuration, missed radio calls). The approach itself is straightforward — the challenge is getting to it.