Build Skills in Manhattan. Fly Prepared at the Airport.

Objectives

Establish foundational knowledge in instrument flying and IFR procedures
Practice partial and full-panel attitude flying using G1000
Learn route planning, IFR chart organization, and simulator setup for an IFR flight
Intro to ATC clearances, SID charts, and radio communication basics

Pilot Preparation (Homework and Study Resources)

Plan an IFR flight from KFRG to KBED using ForeFlight:
- Practice route planning, weather briefing, and chart organization as if you were the PIC
- ForeFlight Charts Tutorial
Watch G1000 tutorial: How to load and activate an IFR flight plan
- Loading Flight Plan | Garmin G1000 NXi
Download and review Instrument Rating Study Material:
- Save to iPad for offline access during sim
- Aviator.nyc Instrument Rating Files

Lesson 1: Cockpit Setup and IFR Introduction Videos

Assigned Reading

Read Instrument Flying Handbook:

Chapter 6, Section II Airplane Attitude Instrument Flying Using an Electronic Flight Display
Chapter 7, Section II Airplane Basic Flight Maneuvers Using an Electronic Flight Display
Source: FAA-H-8083-15B

FAA-H-8083-16B Homework for Lesson 1

Chapter 1 - Departure Procedures
- Standard Instrument Departures (SIDs): Pages 1-26 to 1-28
- Radar Departures and Diverse Vector Areas: Pages 1-38 to 1-42
Chapter 4 - Instrument Approach Procedures
- Navigation and Communication Radios (p. 4-35)
- Flight Management System (FMS) and Autopilot Modes (p. 4-35 to 4-36)
- Instrument Approach Segments and Briefing (p. 4-42)
Chapter 6 - Arrival Procedures (Optional Preview): Preview STARs sequencing

Watch (Sporty's Video): "Primary Flight Display (PFD)" and "Attitude and Heading Reference"

Briefing (Instructor-Led Topics)

IFR Pre-Flight Planning: KFRG → KBED flight brief, Weather briefing, Organizing charts on EFB, Create Folder on ForeFlight for your IFR Training with manuals and PDFs
IFR Clearance Procedures: Practice full readback of clearance, Setup Comm1/Comm2 and ATIS. IFR Clearance Audio + Comm Setup

Sample IFR Clearance: "November 12345, cleared to Hanscom Field airport via MERIT, Victor 16, BOSOX, direct. Climb and maintain 6,000. Departure frequency 128.125. Squawk [assigned]."

Filed Route: KFRG MERIT V16 BOSOX KBED | Altitude: 6,000 | Distance: 152 nm | ETE: 1:08

Flight (Simulator Focus)

Attitude Flying with Partial Panel: 10/5 deg climbs, level flight with config changes, 20 deg banked turns just with Attitude indicator (all other instruments off)
Attitude Indicator stays ON - Emphasize on Trim management: Airplane must be trimmed during flight
Introduce Altimeter only: Practice Climb and Descent with turns
Introduce Heading only: Practice turns with heading indicator and climbs (all other instruments off)
Transition to Full Panel: All six instruments, Pattern A, Vertical S, S-1 maneuvers. Instrument Flight Maneuvers PDF

Post-Brief and Additional Resources

Review: Scan technique and G1000 effectiveness, Trim and control management in maneuvers

Coming Up in Future Lessons

VOR navigation and IFR cross-country planning
VOR radial tracking and TO/FROM logic
Holding entries: direct, teardrop, parallel
Flight planning from KMMU to KABE

Homework

Read: IFH Ch. 9: Navigation Systems (Pages 251-258), IPH 4-35 to 4-37: FMS, Autopilot Modes, and Descents
Watch on Sporty's: Using Autopilot with G1000, VOR Navigation, Holding Procedures: Entry Types and Timing
Review: IFR Maneuvers PDF: Teardrop Entries, 80/260, Video: IAF vs. Vectors and Approach Activation

Resources

Book an IFR Lesson

Objectives

Develop understanding of VOR navigation: radials, bearings, and TO/FROM logic
Create and brief an IFR cross-country flight plan (KMMU → KABE)
Introduce holding patterns and entry types
Practice advanced maneuvers: Pattern A, Vertical S1, Teardrop
Introduce automation: Flight Director, AFCS, FLCH, VS, and Autopilot basics

Pilot Preparation (Homework and Study Resources)

Our Videos: Holding, Autopilot, and Initial VOR Approaches

Homework Assignment

From FAA-H-8083-15B (Instrument Flying Handbook):

Chapter 5: Autopilot Systems (Pages 5-25 to 5-26)
Chapter 7: Flight Maneuvers Using EFD (Pages 7-33 to 7-39)

From FAA-H-8083-16B (Instrument Procedures Handbook):

Section 4-36: Autopilot Modes
Section 4-35: Flight Management Systems (FMS)
Optional: Sections 4-23 to 4-31 - VNAV logic and WAAS

From Sporty's Instrument Rating Video Series:

"Autopilot and Flight Director Systems"
"VOR Navigation Basics"
"Holding Procedures: Entry Types and Timing"

Approach Briefing Practice: Use FAA or Jeppesen charts and brief the VOR 24 into KACK

Review: IFR Maneuvers PDF: Teardrop Entries, 80/260. Video: IAF vs. Vectors and Approach Activation

Briefing Topics

IFR flight plan KMMU → KABE
VOR Navigation: Radials vs Bearings, TO/FROM, CDI vs Bearing Pointers
Holding Procedures: Components, Entry Types
Instrument Approaches: Briefing, FAA vs Jepp Logic

Simulator Flight Segment

Start Location: KMMU Signature FBO
Setup: ATIS, Clearance, Load G1000 route

Sample IFR Clearance: "November 12345, cleared to Lehigh Valley International airport via Victor 3, Stillwater, direct. Climb and maintain 5,000. Departure frequency 127.6. Squawk [assigned]."

Filed Route: KMMU V3 STW KABE | Altitude: 5,000 | Distance: 58 nm | ETE: 0:28

Post-Flight Review

Common errors: radial/course, TO/FROM logic
Hold entry timing and setup
Use of G1000 bearing pointers (OBS)

Next Lesson Preview: Lesson 3

Refine Holding Pattern entries
Start VOR Approach Procedures (KACK VOR 24)
Study Takeoff Minimums, Alternates, and descent planning
IFH: Holding Patterns and Approach Planning

Resources

Book an IFR Lesson

Objectives

Master holding pattern entries: direct, teardrop, parallel
Refine understanding of VOR radial tracking in hold and approach contexts
Practice non-precision VOR approaches using real-world procedures
Understand and apply concepts of IAF vs vectors to final
Use manual and autopilot modes to execute IFR approaches

Pilot Preparation (Homework and Study Resources)

FAA-H-8083-15B (Instrument Flying Handbook):
- Chapter 10: Holding Patterns
- Chapter 4: Instrument Approaches
FAA-H-8083-16B (Instrument Procedures Handbook):
- Section: Holding Pattern Entries
- Section: Approach Segment Structure
- Optional: Briefing Format Techniques
Aviator.NYC YouTube Videos:
Everything Explained for the Professional Pilot: Holds, Instrument Approaches intro, Non-Precision Approaches, Take-off and Alternates
Documents to Review:
- Pilot Cafe Quick Review - Holds Section
- Instrument Flight Maneuvers PDF (Pattern A, S1, Teardrop)
Practice: File an IFR flight plan (e.g. KMMU to KABE) using ForeFlight. Voice Record approach briefings using FAA/Jeppesen charts - focus on format and confidence.

Review from Lesson 2

VOR fundamentals: radials, bearing pointers, TO/FROM logic
Autopilot operation
Approach loading and briefing
Automation modes: HDG, NAV, FLCH, VS
Pattern A, Vertical S1, and Teardrop maneuvers, as needed

Briefing Topics (Covered in Simulator Briefing Room)

IFR Flight Plan KACK → KPVD: route planning as needed
Approach Briefing:
- VOR 24 KACK - loading, Different IAFs, review missed flow
- VOR 6 KMVY - no procedure turn due to radar vectoring
- Approach Configuration
- Flying a VOR approach with the CDI on GPS and OBS 1 on NAV 1 and OBS 2 on GPS
IAF vs Vector: Definitions, Loading techniques in G1000. IAF vs Vectors Video

Simulator Flight Segment

Start Location: Runway at KACK
Clearance Review: Full IFR clearance with ATC or instructor if needed

Sample IFR Clearance: "November 12345, cleared to Providence airport via GRABE, Victor 374, Providence, direct. Climb and maintain 4,000. Departure frequency 126.1. Squawk [assigned]."

Filed Route: KACK GRABE V374 PVD KPVD | Altitude: 4,000 | Distance: 68 nm | ETE: 0:32

Post-Flight Review and Takeaways

Which hold entries worked best?
Radial tracking and approach timing issues
Configuration: flaps, power, AP usage
Clarify how to distinguish IAFs vs ATC vectors

Additional Resources

Everything Explained - Sections on non-precision approaches, missed, alternate mins
IAF vs Vectors and Approach Activation Video
KFRG to KHPN scenario prep:
- Filed Route: KFRG DPK V16 HAAYS KHPN | Altitude: 4,000 | Distance: 38 nm | ETE: 0:18

Next Lesson Preview (Lesson 4)

Non-Precision Approaches and Missed Procedures
Continue holds with timing, wind correction, and DME
Review: IFH approach segments, descent planning, alternate mins
Read: IPH 4-37 to 4-42 - Glidepath, Missed, IAP Brief
Watch the video flying KUAO LOC 17

Resources

Book an IFR Lesson

Objectives

Learn to brief and fly Non-Precision Approaches (VOR, LOC, LNAV) to MDA
Understand step-down fixes, altitude awareness, and identifying the Missed Approach Point (MAP)
Execute full VOR approaches with automation and manual modes
Practice hold entries and IFR approach configuration using the G1000
Introduce LOC approaches and the differences from VOR procedures

Pilot Preparation (Homework and Study Resources)

Read:
- IPH 4-37 to 4-42: Glidepaths, Missed Approach, IAP Briefing
- IFH: Review autopilot section focusing on VNAV setups
Watch:
- "Non-Precision Approaches"
- "Approach Configuration Pt 1 and 2"
- "KUAO LOC 17 Brief and Fly"
Everything Explained for the Professional Pilot: Holds, Instrument Approaches Intro, Non-Precision Approaches, Take-off and Alternates
Assigned Videos:

Review from Lesson 3

Holding Pattern Entry Types: Direct, Parallel, Teardrop
VOR radial/bearing interpretation in holding and approach
Execution of VOR 24 KACK and VOR 6 KMVY with radar guidance
Manual vs automated approach execution and CDI navigation
IAF vs Vectors for approach entry and loading

Pre-Flight Briefing Topics

Review topics from "Everything Explained": FAF Approaches, Non-Precision Approaches, IFR Departures and Takeoff Minimums, Fuel Requirements, Alternates, and Missed Approach Setup
Deep Dive Topics:
- G1000 Approach Configuration Guide
- Step-down fixes and descent profiles
- Identifying MAP and briefing the missed approach

Stabilized Approach and Missed Approach Brief

An IFR approach is considered stabilized when all of the following criteria are met prior to the FAF, and continues to touch-down:

Proper airspeed
Correct flight path
Correct aircraft configuration for phase of flight
Appropriate power setting for aircraft configuration
Normal angle and rate of descent
Only minor corrections with pitch and power are required to correct airspeed and glide path deviations
Normal bracketing (+/- 5 degrees) is used to correct for lateral navigation deviations

Do not change flap configuration after crossing the FAF until the runway is in sight and landing is assured.

Missed Approach Brief: "In the case of go-around: Mixture forward, prop forward, throttle forward. Disengage the autopilot (if needed), push TO/GO, push NAV or HDG, bring the nose to 7.5-10 degrees, set the flaps to 10 degrees, positive rate gear up, at 200ft flaps up, at 400ft verify the missed approach altitude, notify ATC. Then brief the missed approach profile."

In-Flight Tasks (Simulator)

IFR Clearance Review if applicable
Approach Practice:
- VOR 24 KACK: Use NAV, VNAV, HDG, VS, and green needle. Identify MAP and execute missed approach.
- VOR 6 KMVY: Radar vectors only; no procedure turn. Understand vector-to-final logic.
Hold Execution: Integrate hold entries in approach phase. Apply wind correction, timing, reversal techniques.
Introduce LOC 11 at KSBP: Compare to VOR - no glidepath, higher precision. Use chart with only LOC (not ILS+LOC). Emphasize setup, intercept angle, and MDA.

What's Coming Next (Lesson 5)

Precision Approaches: ILS, LPV, GPS
GPS Approaches: RNAV and LPV
IFR Departures revisited
G1000 Sequencing Video Playlist

Resources

Book an IFR Lesson

Objectives

Execute Precision Approaches (ILS, LPV) to decision altitude using flight director and autopilot
Learn missed approach automation and use of TO/GA
Understand and brief SID procedures (IFR departures)
Practice GPS approaches with LNAV/VNAV, LPV minimums
Manage G1000 sequencing and annunciators during complex approaches

Pilot Preparation (Homework and Study Resources)

Optional Flight Plan Practice: Plan IFR route: KMMU to KLGA. IFR Clearance Audio
- Filed Route: KMMU V3 SBJ ROBER KLGA | Altitude: 4,000 | Distance: 28 nm | ETE: 0:16
More KMMU ForeFlight Briefings: KMMU → KMDT (PDF) | KMMU → KALB (PDF)
Read:
- IPH: 4-63 to 4-66 (ILS Categories + Simultaneous Approaches)
- IFH: Review Missed Approach Section, Attitude Recovery
Sporty's Video: "Standard Terminal Arrival Routes (STARs)"
Review: Re-brief missed approach actions (PDF), Load and Fly LOC 11 at KPRB in sim
From Everything Explained: Instrument Approaches, Take-off and Alternates, IFR departures, Precision Approaches
Assigned Videos:

Review from Lesson 4

VOR and LOC approaches flown to MDA
Practice using autopilot, HDG, NAV, and VNAV modes
Understanding IAF vs vector-to-final setups
Identifying step-down fixes and MAP
Hold integration into approach segments

Pre-Flight Briefing Topics

Define and compare Precision vs. Non-Precision Approaches
Review SID procedures for IFR departures
Take-off and Alternate minimums
Introduce Precision Approaches
Brief missed approach procedure actions step-by-step
Review missed approach configuration: Disconnect AP, full forward configuration, TO/GA pitch, gear/flaps, SUSP mode, missed alt set, tower call

In-Flight Tasks (Simulator)

Start at KTEB:
- Load and brief TEB SID
- KTEB Frequencies: ATIS 132.85 | Clearance 128.05 | Ground 121.9 | Tower 119.5 | Approach 127.6
- Practice the departure from every runway to the top altitude
- Identify the threats for each runway
- Use flight director through climb
- Debrief SID performance after reaching top altitude
Reposition at KPRB: Join LOC 11 at PRB IAF, Perform full procedure with briefing and configuration
Execute a Missed Approach:
- Disconnect Autopilot
- Mixture Forward
- Prop Forward
- Throttle forward (TO/GA)
- Pitch for 10 degrees nose up
- Positive rate - Gear UP
- Clear of obstacles - Flaps up
- Select SUSP (if TO/GA was not used)
- Set Missed Approach Alt
- Notify the tower
Precision Approach Practice: Introduce ILS 11 at KSBP, Track GS and LOC using FD/AP, Practice transitions from vector to intercept
Approach Configuration Guide

What's Coming Next (Lesson 6)

Expand on non-precision and precision approach
Intro to GPS approaches
Execute full approach procedures without vectors

Additional Resources

G1000 Approach Sequencing Video Series
Pilot Cafe Quick Reference Guide
Read from Everything Explained for the Professional Pilot: Precision Approaches, GPS Approaches, Take-off and Alternates, IFR departures, IFR General

Sporty's Video: "Precision Approaches - ILS, LPV" and "Missed Approach Procedures"

Resources

→ IFR Clearance Audio
📄 KMMU → KMDT (PDF)
📄 KMMU → KALB (PDF)
▶ Part 1: Instrument Approach Configuration
▶ Approach Configuration 1/2 a DOT
▶ How to Fly an RNAV Approach? | KTIX RNAV 18
▶ Approach Activation: Vector-to-Final, Approach, Leg, Extended
→ Approach Configuration Guide
▶ G1000 Approach Sequencing Video Series
→ Pilot Cafe Quick Reference Guide

Book an IFR Lesson

Objectives

Fly full LOC and VOR approaches without vectors, using raw data and full procedure routing
Improve proficiency with manual navigation, especially procedure turns and outbound timing
Cross-check navigation sources (e.g., NAV1, NAV2, bearing pointers)
Reaffirm precision approach concepts via ILS 11 at KSBP

Pilot Preparation (Homework and Study Resources)

Read:
- IPH 4-66: VOR Approaches
- Review NAV Source Switch Procedures (GPS vs LOC1/LOC2)
Watch - Sporty's:
- G1000 Approach Source Switching
- ILS and VOR Switching in G1000
Review These Resources:
- Everything Explained - GPS, Precision Approaches, IFR General
GPS Approaches and VNAV:

Review from Lesson 5

Execution of Precision Approaches (ILS, LPV) to decision altitude
G1000 sequencing and autopilot configuration
TO/GA use and missed approach flow: pitch, power, gear/flaps, missed alt, SUSP
IFR Departure setup via SID from KTEB
LOC and GPS integration during practice approaches

Pre-Flight Briefing Topics

Brief KSWF departure to IGN and VOR 24 at KPOU: VOR 24 KPOU Approach Briefing
Discuss ILS 11 at KSBP:
- Reinforce precision approach principles
- Manage inbound intercepts and glideslope tracking
Review procedural routing vs ATC vectors
Emphasize timing, station passage, and outbound intercepts

In-Flight Tasks (Simulator)

Part 1: VOR 24 KPOU Approach (from SWF via IGN)
- Fly full routing: no vectors
- Use NAV radios and OBS/manual CDI settings
- Practice procedure turn, timing, and inbound intercept
Part 2: ILS 11 KSBP
- Reposition to KSBP
- Reinforce use of autopilot and manual LOC + GS intercept
- Focus on G1000 annunciations and staying ahead of the airplane

What's Coming Next (Lesson 7)

Begin GPS Approach Mastery:
- Differentiate between LNAV, LNAV/VNAV, and LPV minimums
- Understand RNP and WAAS behavior in approach modes
- Watch: RNAV 31 in KPAO

Resources

→ Everything Explained - GPS, Precision Approaches, IFR General
▶ IAF vs Vectors
▶ Approach Activation Explained
▶ Master the G1000 VNAV Feature
▶ How to Fly an RNAV Approach - KTIX RNAV 18
→ VOR 24 KPOU Approach Briefing
▶ Watch: RNAV 31 in KPAO

Book an IFR Lesson

Lesson Objectives

Learn to brief and fly Standard Terminal Arrival Routes (STARs)
Program VNAV descents using G1000
Understand crossing restrictions and arrival sequencing
Use ATC-style changes enroute: altitude amendments, speed restrictions

Pre-Lesson Preparation

Read:

IPH 4-25 to 4-34: WAAS, LPV, LNAV, Baro-VNAV
IFH: Approach Categories and Approach Segments

Watch:

Flying RNAV 31 KPAO - LPV Mode
Approach Sequencing in G1000

Review:

From Everything Explained:

Precision Approaches
GPS Approaches
IFR General
IFR departures

Briefing Topics

STAR vs. ATC vectored arrival (e.g., SFO DYAMD STAR with RNAV 28L)
Interpreting STAR charts (RNAV vs non-RNAV)
Loading STAR and approach transition in G1000
Vertical deviation indicators and VNAV profile view
Setting crossing altitudes and VNAV target fixes

Simulator Session

Start at KAVP: Reposition to 10,000 feet and 20 miles from MUGZY on LVZ STAR to MMU
Meet MUGZY crossing restriction using VNAV and G1000 profile page
Monitor altitude, speed, and lateral deviation
Fly LPV RNAV approach of your choice
Fly LNAV/VNAV and LNAV+VNAV
Fly LNAV-only approach on G1000
Handle speed and descent changes from simulated ATC

Post-Flight Actions

Review vertical navigation planning errors
Interpret STARs and understand ATC flexibility
Practice reprogramming G1000 fixes and altitudes in-flight

Next Lesson: Lesson 8

Enroute Navigation and Diversions
Lost Comms Procedures and Holding with EFC

Resources

Book an IFR Lesson

Lesson Objectives

Practice IFR reroutes and enroute diversions
Handle lost communication scenarios using FAR 91.185
Re-enter ATC system after deviation
Hold with EFC time and proper logic

Pre-Lesson Preparation

Read:

IPH 3-3 to 3-9: Descent Planning and CFIT (Controlled Flight Into Terrain)
IFH: VNAV application, pitch vs power descent profiles

Watch:

From Everything Explained:

Precision Approaches
GPS Approaches
IFR General
IFR Departures

Briefing Topics

Lost Comms logic: Route (AVEF) and Altitude (MEA)
Re-entry: Squawk 7600, visual ID, tower coordination
Diversions in G1000: Direct-To, OBS mode, editing flight plans
Handling EFC logic and "hold for release" instructions

Simulator Session

IFR Flight from KMMU to KSYR
Simulate ATC reroute: Direct SAX to V252 to GDM
Practice hold at SAX with EFC and 15 kt crosswind
Simulate lost comms event and follow FAR 91.185 decision tree

Post-Flight Actions

Decision-making under lost comms scenarios
Direct-To vs full reroute via edited flight plans
Executing a hold at unplanned fix using EFC logic

Next Lesson: Lesson 9

IFR Emergencies
Vacuum Failures, ADC/PFD Failures, Electrical Failures

Resources

Book an IFR Lesson

Lesson Objectives

Recognize and handle vacuum, pitot-static, and electrical failures
Fly partial panel using G1000 reversionary modes
Understand backup instruments and procedures
Use standby attitude indicator, magnetic compass, and non-GPS navigation

Pre-Lesson Preparation

Read:

IFH Ch. 10 - IFR Flight (Departure to Arrival to Alternate Minimums)
IPH 2-21 to 2-44: Cruise Altitudes, Enroute Reporting, Holding

Watch:

Rerouting in Flight with G1000
Flying a Missed Approach and Loading Alternate

Review:

From Everything Explained:

Diversion, Fuel Reserves, Alternate Logic
How to Handle ATC Changes on the Fly

Briefing Topics

Transition to backup systems: G1000 split screen, reversionary mode
Electrical failure hierarchy: Essential Bus, load shedding, alternator
GPS failure vs RNAV database expiry

Simulator Session

Simulate PFD failure - use MFD reversion
Fail ADC: fly using compass and backup attitude
Create non-GPS approach scenario (LOC or VOR or LDA or NDB)

Post-Flight Actions

Revisit approach plates, G1000 usage, IFR checklist, autopilot modes
Final read-through: Everything Explained - Top 10 checkride errors

Next Lesson: Lesson 10

Checkride prep and transition to the airplane

Resources

Book an IFR Lesson

Lesson Objectives

Practice approaches as needed (VOR, LOC, ILS, RNAV, NDB, LDA)
Demonstrate complete approach flow: approach to missed to hold

Pre-Lesson Preparation

Final Review:

Pilot Café Quick Reference
Instrument Flying Handbook
Instrument Procedures Handbook
Sporty's Instrument Rating Course
FAA ACS for Instrument Rating

Briefing Topics

Crosswind operation techniques
Review missed procedures and critical decision points
Scenario planning: weather below minimums, alternate required

Simulator Session

Practice approaches at selected checkride airport
Perform full FAA-style briefing and checklist procedures
Simulate system failures and demonstrate backup procedures

Post-Flight Actions

Confidence-building through realistic scenario training

Book an IFR Lesson

Flight Training Lesson Plans

Professional Curriculum by Training Category

Instrument Rating Lessons

IFR Lesson 1: Introduction to Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) — KFRG → KBED

Objectives

Pilot Preparation (Homework and Study Resources)

Lesson 1: Cockpit Setup and IFR Introduction Videos

Assigned Reading

FAA-H-8083-16B Homework for Lesson 1

Briefing (Instructor-Led Topics)

Flight (Simulator Focus)

Post-Brief and Additional Resources

Coming Up in Future Lessons

Homework

Resources

IFR Lesson 2: VOR Navigation and IFR Cross-Country Planning — KMMU → KABE

IFR Lesson 3: Enhancing IFR Skills with Holds and Approaches — KACK → KPVD

IFR Lesson 4: Non-Precision Approaches and Holds — KEWR → N07

IFR Lesson 5: Precision Approaches, IFR Departures, and GPS Approaches — KMMU → KLGA

IFR Lesson 6: Advancing with LOC and VOR Approaches — KJGG → KHPN

IFR Lesson 7: STARs, VNAV, and Descent Management — KIAD → KWST

IFR Lesson 8: IFR Enroute Diversions and Lost Comms — KPVD → KSBY

IFR Lesson 9: IFR Emergencies and System Failures — KHVN → 0B5

IFR Lesson 10: Checkride Prep and IFR Oral Exam Review — KTTN → KTAN

Ready to Start Training?